Review article | Open Access
Helia 2025, Vol. 48(83) 125-134
Components Related to Higher Head Diameter, Heterosis and Type of Inheritance in Oil Seed Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)
pp. 125 - 134 | DOI: https://doi.org/10.29329/helia.2025.1411.5
Publish Date: December 31, 2025 | Single/Total View: 0/0 | Single/Total Download: 0/0
Abstract
Sunflower, together with soybean and oilseed rape, amounts to 87% of the oil production worldwide. It is a main agricultural crop grown on 23 million ha. An important parameter in sunflower breeding is the head diameter.
It is less influenced by genetic factors, and more – by the environmental conditions and the duration of the growth season. The aim of this investigation was to study the variation of the parameter head diameter depending on the environmental changes, the type of inheritance and the heterosis effect in the hybrid combinations. Two-factor dispersion analysis was applied (ANOVA - Analysis of Variation); the inheritance d/a was calculated for F1 generation through the coefficient of Mather and Jinks (1982); the occurrence of heterosis was evaluated according to Omarov (1975). The head diameter parameter varied according to the genotype and the environment, remaining stable in the obtained hybrid combinations.
This allowed the conclusion, that hybrid combinations 2008A x 100R, 2008A x 85R and 2008A x 84R possessed good ecological stability to changeable environments according to this parameter. A significant correlation in the fertility restorer lines was obtained between head diameter and percent of protein and 1000 kernel weight. Similar direct effect was observed in the sterile lines as well according to number of leaves per plant. The inheritance of the parameter head diameter in the hybrid combinations varied from incomplete dominance to intermediary and over dominance and depended on the accumulation and recombination of genes inherited from the parental forms. Concerning heterosis, (best-parent and mid-parent), considerable dynamics was observed, which was conditioned by the high values of one or both parents involved in the hybrid combination.
Keywords: sunflower, head diameter, type of inheritance, heterosis
APA 7th edition
Georgiev, G., Valkova, D., & Damianova-Serbezova, R. (2025). Components Related to Higher Head Diameter, Heterosis and Type of Inheritance in Oil Seed Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.). Helia, 48(83), 125-134. https://doi.org/10.29329/helia.2025.1411.5
Harvard
Georgiev, G., Valkova, D. and Damianova-Serbezova, R. (2025). Components Related to Higher Head Diameter, Heterosis and Type of Inheritance in Oil Seed Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.). Helia, 48(83), pp. 125-134.
Chicago 16th edition
Georgiev, Georgi, Daniela Valkova and Radostina Damianova-Serbezova (2025). "Components Related to Higher Head Diameter, Heterosis and Type of Inheritance in Oil Seed Sunflower (Helianthus Annuus L.)". Helia 48 (83):125-134. https://doi.org/10.29329/helia.2025.1411.5
Ahmad, Q., Rana, M.A., and Siddiqui, S.U.H. (1991). Sunflower seed yield as influenced by some agronomic and seed characters. Euphytica, 56(2):137-142.
Chikkadevaiah, Sujatha, H.L and Nandini, R. (2002). Correlation and path analysis in sunflower. 25(37):109-118.
Dozet, B. (1990). The method of inheritance of some traits in the F1 generation of interspecies sunflower hybrids. Archives of Agricultural Sciences 51(184), 361-369
Georgiev, G., Peevska, P., Penchev, E. (2014). Testing of new Bulgarian sunflower hybrid under the codition of North –East Bulgaria. II Phenologocal specificity. Agricultural Science and Technology. 6(4), 403-408.
Hladni, N. (2010). Genes and sunflower yield. Monograph. Fondation Andrejevic, Beograd, Institute of Field and Vegerable Crops, Novi Sad, 116.
Hladni, N., 2007. Combining abilities and mode of inheritance of yield and yield components in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad. Pp.1-104. (In Serbian)
Hladni, N., Skoric, D., Kraljevic-Balalic, K., Sakac, Z., and Jovanovic, D. (2006). Combining ability for oil content and its correlation with other yield components in sunflower (H. annuus L.). Helia, 29(44):101-110.
Joksimovich, J., Atladig, D. Skorich (2000). Gene effect and combining for head diameter in sunflower inbred lines. Plant Breeding and Seed Production, 7(1-2), 45-49, Novi Sad
Kaya, Y., Evci, G., Durak, S., Pekcan, V.,and Gucer, T. (2007). Determining the relationships between yield and yield attributes in sunflower. Turk. J.Agric For., 31:237-244.
Marinkovic, R. (1992). Path-coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica, 60(3): 201-205.
Marinković, R., 1992. Path coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica 60: 201–205.
Miller, J.F. and Fick, G.N., (1997).The genetics of sunflower. Sunflower Technology and Production. Schneiter, A.A (Ed.) Agronomy, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., CSSA, SSSA, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp. 441-496
Nenova, N. (2019). New perspective Bulgarian sunflower hybrid Deveda. Field Crop Studies (2019) XII(1): 9-16. ISSN: 2535-1133 (Online) ISSN: 1312-3882 (Print)
Nenova, N., E. Penchev, M. Hristov, D. Petakov, M. Drumeva, (2005). Structural analysis of important indicators in promising sunflower hybrids. Agricultural University - Plovdiv,Scientific Proceedings, vol. L, vol. 5, 79-84.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Satjawattana, K. (2005). Development of single crosses of sunflower for high yield and oil percentage, [Ph.D. thesis]. School of Crop. Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 106.
Škoric D., T. Vrebalov, T. Ćupina, R. Marinkovic, S. Maestevic, J. Atlagic, L. Tadic, R. Sekulic, D. Stanojevic, M. Kovacevic, V. Jancic i Z. Sakac (1989): Suncokret (monografija), Nolit, 613str.
Skoric, D., R. Marinkovic, S. Josic, D. Jovanovic, N. Hladni (2002). Dostignuca I dalji pravci u oplemenjivanju suncokreta i obzor hibrida za setvu u 2002 godini. Zbornik radovaNauchnog instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstv, 36, 147-160.
Srimuenwai, P. (2006). Improvement of agronomic characters, oil content and yield of synthetic varieties of sunflower, [M.Sc. thesis]. School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 80.
Tavolzhanskyi, N. P. (2000). Theory and practice of creating hybrid sunflowers in modern conditions. Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Ahmad, Q., Rana, M.A., and Siddiqui, S.U.H. (1991). Sunflower seed yield as influenced by some agronomic and seed characters. Euphytica, 56(2):137-142.
Chikkadevaiah, Sujatha, H.L and Nandini, R. (2002). Correlation and path analysis in sunflower. 25(37):109-118.
Dozet, B. (1990). The method of inheritance of some traits in the F1 generation of interspecies sunflower hybrids. Archives of Agricultural Sciences 51(184), 361-369
Georgiev, G., Peevska, P., Penchev, E. (2014). Testing of new Bulgarian sunflower hybrid under the codition of North –East Bulgaria. II Phenologocal specificity. Agricultural Science and Technology. 6(4), 403-408.
Hladni, N. (2010). Genes and sunflower yield. Monograph. Fondation Andrejevic, Beograd, Institute of Field and Vegerable Crops, Novi Sad, 116.
Hladni, N., 2007. Combining abilities and mode of inheritance of yield and yield components in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad. Pp.1-104. (In Serbian)
Hladni, N., Skoric, D., Kraljevic-Balalic, K., Sakac, Z., and Jovanovic, D. (2006). Combining ability for oil content and its correlation with other yield components in sunflower (H. annuus L.). Helia, 29(44):101-110.
Joksimovich, J., Atladig, D. Skorich (2000). Gene effect and combining for head diameter in sunflower inbred lines. Plant Breeding and Seed Production, 7(1-2), 45-49, Novi Sad
Kaya, Y., Evci, G., Durak, S., Pekcan, V.,and Gucer, T. (2007). Determining the relationships between yield and yield attributes in sunflower. Turk. J.Agric For., 31:237-244.
Marinkovic, R. (1992). Path-coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica, 60(3): 201-205.
Marinković, R., 1992. Path coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica 60: 201–205.
Miller, J.F. and Fick, G.N., (1997).The genetics of sunflower. Sunflower Technology and Production. Schneiter, A.A (Ed.) Agronomy, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., CSSA, SSSA, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp. 441-496
Nenova, N. (2019). New perspective Bulgarian sunflower hybrid Deveda. Field Crop Studies (2019) XII(1): 9-16. ISSN: 2535-1133 (Online) ISSN: 1312-3882 (Print)
Nenova, N., E. Penchev, M. Hristov, D. Petakov, M. Drumeva, (2005). Structural analysis of important indicators in promising sunflower hybrids. Agricultural University - Plovdiv,Scientific Proceedings, vol. L, vol. 5, 79-84.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Satjawattana, K. (2005). Development of single crosses of sunflower for high yield and oil percentage, [Ph.D. thesis]. School of Crop. Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 106.
Škoric D., T. Vrebalov, T. Ćupina, R. Marinkovic, S. Maestevic, J. Atlagic, L. Tadic, R. Sekulic, D. Stanojevic, M. Kovacevic, V. Jancic i Z. Sakac (1989): Suncokret (monografija), Nolit, 613str.
Skoric, D., R. Marinkovic, S. Josic, D. Jovanovic, N. Hladni (2002). Dostignuca I dalji pravci u oplemenjivanju suncokreta i obzor hibrida za setvu u 2002 godini. Zbornik radovaNauchnog instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstv, 36, 147-160.
Srimuenwai, P. (2006). Improvement of agronomic characters, oil content and yield of synthetic varieties of sunflower, [M.Sc. thesis]. School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 80.
Tavolzhanskyi, N. P. (2000). Theory and practice of creating hybrid sunflowers in modern conditions. Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.
Ahmad, Q., Rana, M.A., and Siddiqui, S.U.H. (1991). Sunflower seed yield as influenced by some agronomic and seed characters. Euphytica, 56(2):137-142.
Chikkadevaiah, Sujatha, H.L and Nandini, R. (2002). Correlation and path analysis in sunflower. 25(37):109-118.
Dozet, B. (1990). The method of inheritance of some traits in the F1 generation of interspecies sunflower hybrids. Archives of Agricultural Sciences 51(184), 361-369
Georgiev, G., Peevska, P., Penchev, E. (2014). Testing of new Bulgarian sunflower hybrid under the codition of North –East Bulgaria. II Phenologocal specificity. Agricultural Science and Technology. 6(4), 403-408.
Hladni, N. (2010). Genes and sunflower yield. Monograph. Fondation Andrejevic, Beograd, Institute of Field and Vegerable Crops, Novi Sad, 116.
Hladni, N., 2007. Combining abilities and mode of inheritance of yield and yield components in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad. Pp.1-104. (In Serbian)
Hladni, N., Skoric, D., Kraljevic-Balalic, K., Sakac, Z., and Jovanovic, D. (2006). Combining ability for oil content and its correlation with other yield components in sunflower (H. annuus L.). Helia, 29(44):101-110.
Joksimovich, J., Atladig, D. Skorich (2000). Gene effect and combining for head diameter in sunflower inbred lines. Plant Breeding and Seed Production, 7(1-2), 45-49, Novi Sad
Kaya, Y., Evci, G., Durak, S., Pekcan, V.,and Gucer, T. (2007). Determining the relationships between yield and yield attributes in sunflower. Turk. J.Agric For., 31:237-244.
Marinkovic, R. (1992). Path-coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica, 60(3): 201-205.
Marinković, R., 1992. Path coefficient analysis of some yield components of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). Euphytica 60: 201–205.
Miller, J.F. and Fick, G.N., (1997).The genetics of sunflower. Sunflower Technology and Production. Schneiter, A.A (Ed.) Agronomy, American Society of Agronomy, Inc., CSSA, SSSA, Inc. Madison, Wisconsin, USA. Pp. 441-496
Nenova, N. (2019). New perspective Bulgarian sunflower hybrid Deveda. Field Crop Studies (2019) XII(1): 9-16. ISSN: 2535-1133 (Online) ISSN: 1312-3882 (Print)
Nenova, N., E. Penchev, M. Hristov, D. Petakov, M. Drumeva, (2005). Structural analysis of important indicators in promising sunflower hybrids. Agricultural University - Plovdiv,Scientific Proceedings, vol. L, vol. 5, 79-84.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Pesaran, M. H. Shin, Y. and Smith, R. J. (2001). Bounds Testing Approaches to The Analysis of Level Relationships. Journal of Applied Econometrics. 16(3), 289-326.
Satjawattana, K. (2005). Development of single crosses of sunflower for high yield and oil percentage, [Ph.D. thesis]. School of Crop. Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 106.
Škoric D., T. Vrebalov, T. Ćupina, R. Marinkovic, S. Maestevic, J. Atlagic, L. Tadic, R. Sekulic, D. Stanojevic, M. Kovacevic, V. Jancic i Z. Sakac (1989): Suncokret (monografija), Nolit, 613str.
Skoric, D., R. Marinkovic, S. Josic, D. Jovanovic, N. Hladni (2002). Dostignuca I dalji pravci u oplemenjivanju suncokreta i obzor hibrida za setvu u 2002 godini. Zbornik radovaNauchnog instituta za ratarstvo i povrtarstv, 36, 147-160.
Srimuenwai, P. (2006). Improvement of agronomic characters, oil content and yield of synthetic varieties of sunflower, [M.Sc. thesis]. School of Crop Production Technology, Institute of Agriculture, Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand, p. 80.
Tavolzhanskyi, N. P. (2000). Theory and practice of creating hybrid sunflowers in modern conditions. Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences.