In Turkey which ranks the tenth country worldwide in the sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L . ) production 60% of the production is carried out in the Thrace region. Therefore agricultural enterprises in Thrace situated in the European part of Turkey have become masters in producing sunflower and have become the centre of vegetable oil industry in the region owing to the produced raw material. In this study we aim to investigate the yield and income of the enterprises producing sunflower in Thrace Region in Turkey as well as to discover whether the factors affecting the production are different. In the final section of the study cost analysis is explained in detail on the basis of the cities and sizes of sunflower production area. The data used in this study were collected from 571 agricultural enterprises which were chosen to represent the whole Thrace region with the Stratified Random Sampling method. At the end of the study although the cities where the study was conducted have the same climate and production technologies it is found that in addition to the income and yield obtained per unit area the terms of land rent pesticide fertilizing and seed which directly affect the cost show differences among cities statistically.